Common Reed Bunting

Emberiza schoeniclus

Genus · Old World Buntings Family · Old World Buntings
Observation tips Difficulty: MODERATE
Best time
🕒 Any
Activity
☀️ Diurnal
Best months
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Observation habitat
Lake wetlandsMarshRiver

Look for the male's black 'hood' in reedbeds. In winter, identify them by the 'mustache' pattern and characteristic tail-flicking.

Common Reed Bunting

♂ Male · ♀ Female

Stats
Wingspan21–28 cm
Weight15–23 g
Length13–16 cm
Lifespan wild2–9 yrs
Size
XS
S
M
L
XL
Nesting
Nest typeCup
Clutch size4–6 eggs
Incubation12–14 days
Breeding months
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Regional Status (Europe)
LC
Least Concern (Europe)
IUCN Red List
MigrationPartial migratory
Social BehaviourMonogamous pairs

Diet: Omnivore

🦗Insects
🐛Larvae
🌻Seeds
🕷️Spiders

Habitat

🛶 Lake wetlands🌾 Marsh🏞️ River
✦ Fun Fact

Reed Buntings perform a 'distraction display'. They pretend to have a broken wing to lead predators away from their nest in the reeds.

About

A medium-sized bunting found in reedbeds, marshes, and damp ditches. It is an adaptable bird and also lives in oilseed rape fields and young forests. Western European populations are residents, while northern groups are migratory. The male has a striking breeding plumage, but winter birds are more subtly patterned and sparrow-like.

Behaviour

The male perches on reed stems or willow branches to deliver a simple, hesitant song. They feed on grass and reed seeds but catch insects in summer. When disturbed, they often flick their tails to reveal white outer feathers. In winter, they may visit garden bird feeders if water is nearby.

Sexual Dimorphism

♂ Male

In breeding plumage, the male has a jet-black head and throat. This contrasts with a white 'mustache' and a broad white collar.

♀ Female

Lacks the black head. She has a brown-and-buff streaked head with a pale eyebrow and a dark stripe through the eye.

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