Atlantic Puffin

Fratercula arctica

Genus · Puffins Family · Auks, Murres, and Puffins
Observation tips Difficulty: MODERATE
Best time
🕒 Any
Activity
☀️ Diurnal
Best months
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Observation habitat
MarineMountains

Visit coastal cliffs in Northern Europe during early summer. Look for them standing outside their burrows. They are about the size of a pigeon.

Atlantic Puffin
Stats
Wingspan47–63 cm
Weight310–550 g
Length26–31 cm
Lifespan wild20–35 yrs
Size
XS
S
M
L
XL
Nesting
Nest typeBurrow
Clutch size1 eggs
Incubation39–45 days
Breeding months
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Regional Status (Europe)
VU
Vulnerable (Europe)
IUCN Red List
MigrationMigratory
Social BehaviourColonial

Diet: Piscivore

🦀Crustaceans
🐟Fish

Habitat

🌊 Marine⛰️ Mountains
✦ Fun Fact

The bright orange plates on a puffin's bill are shed after the breeding season. This leaves the bird with a much smaller, duller grey bill for the winter.

About

An iconic seabird often called the 'clown of the sea'. It is a small auk with a black back, white face patches, and a colorful bill. Puffins spend most of the year at sea in the Atlantic. They return to coastal cliffs and rocky islands only to breed. They form massive colonies numbering in the thousands.

Behaviour

Puffins are exceptional swimmers. They use their wings to 'fly' underwater to catch fish like sand eels. They nest in burrows dug into the grass or taken from rabbits. They can carry multiple fish in their bill at once—sometimes more than a dozen. Their flight is fast with very rapid wingbeats.
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