Ruddy Turnstone

Arenaria interpres

Genus · Turnstones Family · Sandpipers and Allies
Observation tips Difficulty: EASY
Best time
🕒 Any
Activity
☀️ Diurnal
Best months
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Observation habitat
Marine

Look for them on rocky coasts or harbor stone walls. In winter, they become mostly dark brown and white, but the orange legs remain a key identifier.

Ruddy Turnstone

♂ Male · ♀ Female

Stats
Wingspan50–57 cm
Weight84–190 g
Length21–26 cm
Lifespan wild5–15 yrs
Size
XS
S
M
L
XL
Nesting
Nest typeScrape
Clutch size3–4 eggs
Incubation22–24 days
Breeding months
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Regional Status (Europe)
LC
Least Concern (Europe)
IUCN Red List
MigrationMigratory
Social BehaviourFlocking

Diet: Omnivore

🦗Insects
🦀Crustaceans
🐚Mollusks
🪱Worms
🥚Eggs
🦴Carrion

Habitat

🌊 Marine❄️ Tundra
✦ Fun Fact

Turnstones are highly opportunistic feeders. They may eat fish carrion and also take advantage of human food scraps left on beaches.

About

A medium-sized, robust wader with a unique harlequin-like pattern. It has short, bright orange legs. This bird lives on rocky shorelines and gravel beaches. It is identified by its slightly upturned, wedge-shaped black bill. It breeds in the high Arctic and migrates to European coasts for the winter. Its brown, black, and white plumage provides effective camouflage near seaweed-covered rocks.

Behaviour

This bird uses its strong bill to flip over stones, shells, and seaweed. It does this to uncover small crustaceans and insects hiding underneath. Turnstones are often seen in small, busy flocks scurrying along the water's edge. They have a hunched posture. These birds are bold and often forage close to piers or sea walls near humans.

Sexual Dimorphism

♂ Male

During the breeding season, the male has a striking white head with a network of black streaks. He has a bright chestnut-red back. The 'harlequin' pattern is very sharp and contrasting.

♀ Female

Duller than the male. The chestnut areas on the back are replaced by dark brown or grey-brown. The head pattern is less distinct and more heavily streaked.

See Ruddy Turnstone in the app.
Full encyclopedia, offline diary, AI identification — always with you.
Download on Google Play