Purple Heron

Ardea purpurea

Genus · Great Herons and Egrets Family · Herons, Egrets, and Bitterns
Observation tips Difficulty: HARD
Best time
🕒 Any
Activity
☀️ Diurnal
Best months
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Observation habitat
Lake wetlandsMarsh

Scan the edges of large, old reedbeds at dawn or dusk. Look for a heron that appears darker and skinnier than a Grey Heron.

Purple Heron
Stats
Wingspan120–150 cm
Weight500–1350 g
Length70–94 cm
Lifespan wild5–15 yrs
Size
XS
S
M
L
XL
Nesting
Nest typePlatform
Clutch size3–5 eggs
Incubation25–28 days
Breeding months
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Regional Status (Europe)
LC
Least Concern (Europe)
IUCN Red List
MigrationMigratory
Social BehaviourSolitary

Diet: Carnivore

🐟Fish
🐸Amphibians
🦎Reptiles
🦗Insects
🦀Crustaceans

Habitat

🛶 Lake wetlands🌾 Marsh
✦ Fun Fact

Purple Herons are long-distance migrants, travelling from Europe to tropical Africa each autumn. Their journey takes them across the Mediterranean Sea and the Sahara Desert, fueled by fat reserves built up before migration.

About

A slim, dark relative of the Grey Heron. It has deep reddish-brown and grey plumage. Bold black stripes run down its exceptionally long, thin neck. It is a summer visitor to Southern and Central Europe. It breeds in extensive reedbeds. It is a secretive bird and prefers to remain hidden within dense vegetation.

Behaviour

The Purple Heron is perfectly adapted for life in the reeds. Its long toes help it walk over floating plants. It often adopts a 'bittern-like' pose by stretching its neck upward to blend in. It hunts fish, amphibians, and insects. Its dark plumage makes it a challenge to spot unless it takes flight.
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