Goosander

Mergus merganser

Genus · Typical Mergansers Family · Ducks, Geese, and Swans
Observation tips Difficulty: EASY
Best time
🕒 Any
Activity
☀️ Diurnal
Best months
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Observation habitat
Lake wetlandsRiver

Look for them on inland rivers. The male's white body glows brightly from a distance. Do not confuse the crested female with the Red-breasted Merganser.

Goosander

♂ Male · ♀ Female

Stats
Wingspan82–97 cm
Weight900–2100 g
Length58–72 cm
Lifespan wild7–14 yrs
Size
XS
S
M
L
XL
Nesting
Nest typeCavity
Clutch size7–12 eggs
Incubation30–33 days
Breeding months
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Regional Status (Europe)
LC
Least Concern (Europe)
IUCN Red List
MigrationPartial migratory
Social BehaviourFlocking

Diet: Piscivore

🦀Crustaceans
🐟Fish
🦗Insects
🐚Mollusks

Habitat

🛶 Lake wetlands🌊 Marine🏞️ River
✦ Fun Fact

Goosander ducklings are very independent. Shortly after hatching, they jump from their high tree-nest to the ground to follow their mother. These jumps can be 10 metres high.

About

A large, powerful diving duck of clean, fast-flowing rivers and deep lakes. It has a long, thin, hooked red bill with serrated 'teeth'. It is a resident or winter visitor across much of Europe. In flight, it is long and streamlined. Birdwatchers often call it 'the flying cigar' due to its straight posture and fast wingbeats.

Behaviour

Goosanders are highly efficient fish-hunters. They often swim with their heads submerged to spot prey. They are social outside the breeding season. They sometimes form lines across a river to 'herd' fish into shallow water. They are cavity nesters and usually choose hollow trees near water.

Sexual Dimorphism

♂ Male

The male has a pure white body often with a salmon-pink flush. He has a dark green-black head and a brilliant red bill. He lacks a crest.

♀ Female

The female has a grey body with a bright orange-brown head and a shaggy crest. Her white throat is clearly separated from the ginger neck.

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