Common Kingfisher

Alcedo atthis

Genus · Typical River Kingfishers Family · Kingfishers
Observation tips Difficulty: MODERATE
Best time
🕒 Any
Activity
☀️ Diurnal
Best months
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Observation habitat
Lake wetlandsRiver

Listen for a loud, piercing 'tsee-tsee' call. Find a quiet river spot with overhanging branches. Watch for a blue flash moving rapidly over the water.

Common Kingfisher

♂ Male · ♀ Female

Stats
Wingspan24–26 cm
Weight34–46 g
Length16–17 cm
Lifespan wild2–7 yrs
Size
XS
S
M
L
XL
Nesting
Nest typeBurrow
Clutch size5–7 eggs
Incubation19–21 days
Breeding months
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Regional Status (Europe)
LC
Least Concern (Europe)
IUCN Red List
MigrationResident
Social BehaviourSolitary

Diet: Piscivore

🐟Fish
🐸Amphibians
🦗Insects
🦀Crustaceans

Habitat

🛶 Lake wetlands🌊 Marine🏞️ River
✦ Fun Fact

The Common Kingfisher inspired the nose of Japan's Shinkansen bullet train. Engineers modeled it after the bird's streamlined beak, reducing tunnel noise while making the trains more energy-efficient and allowing higher operating speeds.

About

A dazzlingly colored bird of clean rivers, canals, and lakes. With its turquoise-blue back and orange underparts, it is often called a 'living jewel'. It needs stable, vertical dirt banks for nesting. It excavates a long tunnel into the bank to raise its young. Despite the bright colors, Kingfishers are hard to spot while it sits motionless waiting for fish.

Behaviour

The Kingfisher is a solitary and territorial predator. It hunts by diving headfirst into the water from a perch. A transparent third eyelid protects its eyes underwater. After catching a fish, it returns to its branch and beats the fish against the wood to stun it. Its flight is fast and direct, usually just inches above the water.

Sexual Dimorphism

♂ Male

Features a solid black bill. It has iridescent blue upperparts, bright orange underparts, and bright red feet.

♀ Female

Identical to the male, but the base of the lower bill is orange-red. This is often compared to 'wearing lipstick'.

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